Once Again Natural Sesame Tahini 16 Oz Rochester
From offscreen friendships and jarring pay inequality to the special furnishings and makeup tricks that brought some of the globe's favorite picture characters to life, The Wizard of Oz (1939) had so much going on behind the emerald pall and the Technicolor gloss of an astonishing fantasy world.
In honor of the 80th ceremony of the film, follow the yellow brick slideshow to peek behind that curtain and learn more about the secrets and fun facts that brand the beloved film a timeless classic.
Margaret Hamilton Was a Fan Before the Film
As a self-proclaimed lifelong fan of Fifty. Frank Baum'due south Oz series, Margaret Hamilton was thrilled to be considered for a office in the 1939 motion-picture show adaptation. Hamilton called her amanuensis to ask which character the producers wanted her to play, and her agent famously said, "The witch — who else?"
Hamilton, a single mother, fought MGM for an agreed upon corporeality of guaranteed work time. Iii days earlier filming began, the studio agreed to a 5-week deal. In the finish, Hamilton was on set for three months, but many of her scenes were cutting for existence too scary for audiences.
Certain, Dorothy Gale doesn't need prosthetics or aluminum makeup, but that doesn't mean Judy Garland wasn't put through the costume section wringer. Although she was young at the time, the sixteen-twelvemonth-old Garland had to vesture a corset-similar device so she looked more like a preadolescent child.
Managing director Richard Thorpe suggested Garland wear a blonde wig and loads of "infant-doll" makeup (equally any preadolescent girl would…). Luckily, that vision of the character inverse. Afterward MGM fired Thorpe, the intermediate director George Cukor nixed the heavy makeup and wig. Instead, he told Garland to be herself. Smart move.
The "Skywriting" Scene Employed Some Bang-up Movie Magic
The Wizard of Oz employs a lot of slap-up film tricks, and some of the most unique were used in the skywriting scene. In it, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) flies above the Emerald City, leaving the phrase "Surrender Dorothy" in her wake in black smoke.
Using a hypodermic needle, the special effects team spread black ink beyond the bottom of a glass tank that was filled with a thick, tinted liquid (some speculate milk). They wrote the phrase in reverse and filmed the scene from below. Initially, the skywriting ended with the ominous "Or Die — W W W."
The "Snow" in the Poppy Field Was Actually Unsafe
1 of the Wicked Witch's terminal-ditch efforts to impede Dorothy's quest to meet the Wonderful Wizard of Oz involves a poppy field and some magical slumber-inducing snowfall. While many similar to joke that the poppies and their drowsiness are the result of opium (a component of poppies), the scene has a much more than blatant toxic connection than that.
All that magical snow? It's actually 100% industrial-grade chrysotile asbestos. Even though the wellness risks associated with the material were known at the time, it was still Hollywood's preferred choice for faux snowfall. Our communication to Dorothy? Don't take hold of whatever snowflakes on your tongue.
Scarecrow's Makeup Stuck Effectually for Awhile
In the end, Ray Bolger (Scarecrow) was probably grateful in more means than one for Buddy Ebsen (the original Can Man's) willingness to trade parts with him. The Tin Homo's aluminum makeup caused a huge amount of bug for Ebsen, who was replaced by Jack Haley.
Although Bolger'southward makeup experience was improve than Ebsen'south, he all the same had some issues. The Scarecrow'due south makeup consisted of a condom prosthetic, complete with a woven pattern that mimicked the look of burlap. Subsequently the picture show wrapped, the prosthetic left patterns on Bolger'southward face up that took more a year to fade.
Margaret Hamilton Was Burned On Prepare
In a burst of flames and red smoke, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) vanishes from Munchkinland. Although the scene is terrifying for viewers, it may have instilled more fear for Hamilton. On the first have, the smoke rose from a subconscious trapdoor too early.
For the 2nd take, Hamilton stood on the trapdoor as planned, simply her cape snagged on the platform when the fire flared up. Her copper-containing makeup heated up instantly, causing second- and 3rd-degree burns on her hands and confront. To make matters worse, the crew tried to remedy her burns with (an even more than painful) acetone solvent.
The Flying Monkeys Became Falling Monkeys
The Wicked Witch's legion of flight monkeys — or Winged Monkeys as they're called in the source cloth — have certainly been a source of terror for generations. Almost as scary as the Witch herself, these henchmen soar onto the scene to kidnap Dorothy and Toto — thanks to the magic of piano wires.
Even so, the aeriform stunt went awry when several of the pianoforte wires snapped, sending actors plummeting a few feet to the soundstage floor. To create such a vast troupe of monkeys (and cutting downward on human being marionettes), filmmakers made miniature condom monkeys to help populate the sky.
"Over the Rainbow" Was Almost on the Cutting Room Floor
To no i's surprise, the American Movie Institute ranked "Over the Rainbow" #one on a list of 100 Greatest Songs in American Films. But what may surprise you lot? The (arguably) near iconic song of Judy Garland's career was nearly cut from the flick.
Studio execs at MGM thought the vocal made the Kansas scenes as well long. Moreover, filmmakers were concerned that children wouldn't empathise the song's meaning. Luckily, this unfounded concern melted like lemon drops. Unfortunately, Garland's tearful reprise of the song was left on the cutting room floor.
The Tin Man Costume Didn't Allow Jack Haley to Balance Easy
Although Bert Lahr had to schlep around in a 90-pound lion costume, Jack Haley didn't have information technology piece of cake either. From the lingering concerns well-nigh the aluminum paste-based makeup on his face and hands to the minimal flexibility of the "can" torso and arms, Haley faced some challenges.
Reportedly, his costume was so stiff that he had to lean against a board to rest properly. Many years later, actor Anthony Daniels, known for playing the protocol droid C-3PO in the Star Wars films, had the aforementioned issue with his rigid costume. Information technology seems even fantasy and sci-fi can't help folks escape all their problems.
The Original Tin Human Was Rushed to the Hospital
Initially, Buddy Ebsen was cast as the Scarecrow, only traded parts with Ray Bolger. All the same, Ebsen's new grapheme, the Can Man, caused him a world of issues. Namely, the character'southward silvery makeup contained a harmful aluminum dust that coated Ebsen's lungs.
To make matters worse, Ebsen had an allergic reaction, and, unable to breathe, he was rushed to the hospital. MGM recast the part with Jack Haley (and inverse upwardly the makeup), but didn't explain why Ebsen "dropped out." Although Ebsen didn't appear in the last flick, his vocals can be heard in "Nosotros're Off to Run into the Wizard."
A Stocking & Some Miniatures Gave Usa the Tornado
The tornado that strikes the Gale homestead is full of practical special effects that actually hold upward. The funnel itself was actually a 35-human foot long stocking made of muslin. The special furnishings team spun it around miniatures that resembled the farms and fields of Kansas. Against the painted backdrop, the tornado looks menacing.
The Gale firm, which falls from the sky and into Oz, is just a miniature business firm that was dropped onto a sky painting. Filmmakers so reversed the footage to make it look like the business firm was falling out of the clouds.
Hollywood Didn't Pay Up And then Either
Pay inequality has always been an issue in Hollywood. For example, Adriana Caselotti, vocalism of the titular character in Walt Disney's Snowfall White and the Vii Dwarfs (1937), made $970 for her performance. The film went on to make roughly $8 one thousand thousand.
According to the Los Angeles Times, Judy Garland'south pay was better than Caselotti'south — playing Dorothy earned her $500 a week — only it still didn't reverberate the film's success. Even more discouraging, the folks who portrayed the citizens of Munchkinland were paid a mere $l per week. (Meanwhile, Terry the canis familiaris earned $125 per week as Toto. A real yikes.)
Bert Lahr's Lion Costume Was Taxing
Originally, MGM thought it might bandage its mascot — the bodily panthera leo used in the studio's title menu — as the cowardly character. Fortunately, for the rubber of the actors and the brute, the filmmakers decided to cast actor Bert Lahr as the anthropomorphic character instead.
To make a convincing beast, the costume department fashioned Lahr a 90-pound outfit made from real lion peel. However, the arc lights used on gear up made things a steamy 100 degrees during filming, which meant Lahr did a lot of sweating unrelated to his character'southward nerves. Each nighttime, 2 stagehands stale the costume for the adjacent 24-hour interval.
The Initial Box Office Returns Were Uneven
The picture show started shooting in October of 1938 but didn't wrap until March of 1939, racking up an unheard of $2,777,000 in costs. That'southward near $50 million adjusted for inflation. Upon its initial release, the movie but earned $iii million at the box function — about $51.8 million by today'south standards.
Although that seems impressive for a Depression-era film, remember that Disney made $viii million with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). The Wizard of Oz's modest success in the U.S. barely covered production and movie rights' costs — MGM paid $75,000 to the publisher for those — but success overseas fortunately bolstered the film'southward returns.
The Dark Side of Oz in a Fourth dimension Before "Me Too"
Judy Garland was just sixteen years old when she was cast as Dorothy. Insecure and lonesome, she became fond to amphetamines and barbiturates, which were often given to immature actors to assist them sleep after studios shot them up with adrenaline so they could work long hours.
The spotlight — and her damaging contract with MGM — didn't assist, leading to her lifelong struggles with an eating disorder and alcoholism. According to a writer for Express, "[Garland] was molested by older men, including studio chiefs [and caput Louis B. Mayer], who considered her little more than than their 'belongings.'" Moreover, MGM forced Garland to stick to a wildly unhealthy diet of cigarettes, java and chicken soup.
The Vox of Snowfall White Had a Cameo
A few years before The Sorcerer of Oz debuted, Walt Disney's feature-length blithe flick Snow White and the Vii Dwarfs (1937) became a smash-hit. Not merely did the picture revolutionize the animation industry, information technology also reinvigorated the fantasy genre.
Disney wanted to follow up Snowfall White — and so the most successful film of all time — with an adaptation of The Wizard of Oz, but MGM owned the rights. By happenstance, Adriana Caselotti, who voiced Snow White, had an uncredited role in Oz. During the Tin Man's "If I Simply Had a Middle," Caselotti speaks her sole line, "Wherefore art k Romeo?"
The Ruby Slippers Are Props & Treasured Artifacts
Keeping in line with the book, Dorothy'due south iconic footwear was originally silvery, only screenwriter Noel Langley felt the red color would really pop in glorious Technicolor. Designed by MGM's main costume designer Gilbert Adrian, the shoes are each covered in well-nigh ii,300 sequins.
One of the remaining pairs is on view in the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History. Since the display is and so heavily trafficked, the museum has replaced the carpet there several times. Another pair were stolen from Minnesota'southward Judy Garland Museum in 2005, but the FBI recovered the slippers for the institution in 2018.
Only I Sequence Was Filmed "On Location"
The Wizard of Oz is your classic adventure story, and Dorothy'southward quest leads her from a Kansas farm to another globe — consummate with corn fields, poppy-filled meadows and forests. However, despite all these scenic locations, nearly all the scenes were shot on a soundstage.
Equally was customary at the time, immense, detailed backdrops were painted by studio artists, making it possible for filmmakers to send audiences to far away places without filming on location. In fact, the simply location footage in the pic is the opening title sequence — those clouds are 100% the real bargain.
A 2nd Toto Was Brought In
Toto, played primarily by Terry, is 1 of the virtually love dogs in picture history. Terry was famously not a huge fan of special effects and tin can often be seen running out of a shot when something loud or alarming happens — like when the Tin Man spouts out all of that steam.
Afterwards i of the Witch'southward guards accidentally stepped on her, Terry was on bedrest for two weeks. Filmmakers went through two doubles to find 1 that resembled the original canine actor more closely.
Fun fact: Judy Garland was then fond of Terry that she wanted to adopt the canis familiaris.
Margaret Hamilton "Mourns the Wicked" Witch
In addition to being a huge fan of the Oz books, Margaret Hamilton also believed her grapheme was more just your run-of-the-factory evil villain. More than 35 years after the moving-picture show debuted, Hamilton, donning her Witch's costume to show kids it was brand-believe, appeared on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, where Fred Rogers interviewed her virtually the character.
According to Hamilton, the so-called Wicked Witch relished everything she did, simply she was also a lamentable, lonely figure. In brusk, things never went well for the frustrated Witch. Oddly plenty, the Broadway musical Wicked as well takes this approach to the Witch's character.
The "Equus caballus of a Different Color" Was Made Possible Thanks to a Food Product
In 1939, audiences were just every bit amazed equally Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin can Man and the Cowardly Lion when the horse in Emerald City took on a rainbow of colors. This "horse of a different colour" was made possible thanks to a surprising food item…
Jell-O crystals were used to color the horses, which meant filmmakers had to move quickly — the animals were eager to lick up the sweet treat. Only the colorful steed isn't the only interesting component in this fan-favorite scene. The horse-drawn wagon was once owned past President Abraham Lincoln and at present resides at the Judy Garland Museum.
The Makeup Section Hired on Extra Hands
From the citizens of Munchkinland and Emerald Metropolis to the Witch's flying monkeys, so many actors had to undergo a makeup transformation in order to give life to this fantasy moving-picture show. To keep upwardly with the daily demands, MGM chosen upon workers from the studio mailroom and courier service to manage makeup stations.
Since most of the Ozian ensemble required prosthetics, makeup artists — and "makeshift" artists — formed a kind of costuming associates line. Virtually actors had to arrive before v:00 in the morning — six days a week! — to brainstorm the intensive process.
Memorable (& Often Misquoted) Lines Fill the Movie
The pic is chock-full of iconic, memorable songs, and it has the slap-up fortune of being responsible for some of the most quoted lines in movie history as well. In 2007, Premiere compiled a list of "The 100 Greatest Movie Lines" and placed a whopping three of the film's lines on the list.
"Pay no attention to that man behind the curtain" was voted #24, while "At that place'due south no place like home" nabbed the 11th spot. Finally, the oftentimes misquoted "Toto, I have a feeling we're non in Kansas anymore" landed in the 62nd spot.
The Witch's Fire Employed Some Technical Wizardry (& Juice)
Conspicuously, the technical wizardry — or witchcraft — in the movie is incredible. Like the "horse of a different colour" sequence, another iconic, special furnishings-heavy scene harnessed the power of everyday household items to pull off fun tricks.
Shortly later Dorothy arrives in Munchkinland, the Wicked Witch tries to snatch the ruby slippers from the immature girl's feet. However, fire strikes the Witch's easily, repelling her. This "burn down" is actually apple tree juice spouting from the slippers in a sped-upwards clip to brand it await more flame-similar.
Technicolor Required Some Ingenuity in the Props Section
Experimenting with Technicolor was role fun and role problem-solving for filmmakers. In society to properly capture scenes with the Technicolor camera, the soundstage needed to be lit with arc lights, which often heated the gear up upward to a toasty 100 degrees.
After the lights were set, the experts experimented with what would look best on moving picture, especially in colorized course. For example, the white part of Dorothy'southward dress is actually pinkish — just because it filmed better. And the oil the Tin can Homo is so excited near? It's actually chocolate syrup.
The Wicked Witch of the East Makes More Than One Appearance
Function of the Wicked Witch of the West's beef with Dorothy is that the young girl dropped a business firm on her sister, the Wicked Witch of the Due east, who was the brusque-lived owner of the ruby slippers. Although Margaret Hamilton already plays both the Wicked Witch of the West and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, she as well plays the Wicked Witch of the East — if only briefly.
During the tornado sequence, an addled Dorothy looks out her chamber window and watches Gulch transform into a witch, her shoes shimmering. For fans, this glint indicates the witch exterior the window is wearing the ruby slippers. The restored version of the film makes that shimmer even more noticeable.
The Picture's Running Time Was Cutting Down Several Times
The showtime cutting of the film clocked in at a running time of 120 minutes. Although that seems like zippo by today's Marvel movie standards, producer Mervyn LeRoy felt it was long and unwieldy and wanted to chop off xx minutes.
After cut the famed "Jitterbug" number (top right) and an extended Scarecrow dance sequence, the pic was 112 minutes long. LeRoy held a second preview screening, and, afterwards, nixed Dorothy's "Over the Rainbow" reprise, an Emerald City reprise of "Ding! Dong! The Witch Is Expressionless," a scene where the Can Man becomes a human beehive (Yikes!) and a few Kansas sequences.
Then Much for a "Wicked" Witch
Filmmakers deemed Margaret Hamilton's Wicked Witch of the W functioning as well frightening for audiences and cut or trimmed many of her scenes. But not everyone idea her performance was terrifying — namely Judy Garland, who played the Wicked Witch'south nemesis, Dorothy Gale.
Off-screen, the moving picture's starring foes were actually friends. One story that emerged from the gear up described Garland excitedly showing off a dress to Hamilton, declaring she was going to wearable information technology for her graduation. Unfortunately, MGM's Louis B. Mayer sent Garland on a press tour the day of her graduation. Upset, Hamilton phoned Mayer and chewed him out.
Giving Credit to Technicolor
In the opening credits, the text reads "Photographed in Technicolor," as opposed to the more apt "Color Sequences past Technicolor." The phrasing of the credits makes it seem as though the unabridged motion-picture show was shot in color. Was this done deliberately, or was it a minor syntactical faux pas?
It's widely believed this was a scrap of a stunt washed to enhance the surprise of the pic turning into full three-strip Technicolor when Dorothy arrives in Oz. Posters made at the time of the picture show's debut fabricated no mention of sepia tint (or "black-and-white"), adding acceptance to this theory.
One of History'south Virtually-Watched Films
Although The Wizard of Oz proved popular in theaters, some other film released the same yr, also directed past Victor Fleming, actually topped the box office. (You may accept heard of that little picture — it'due south called Gone with the Air current.) Nonetheless, MGM's musical fantasy may have more staying power than other films of the era, thanks in role to re-releases.
The flick was get-go broadcast on telly on November three, 1956, and garnered an impressive 44 million viewers. It'due south believed that The Wizard of Oz is one of the ten most-watched feature-length movies in film history, largely due to the number of annual boob tube screenings, theater viewings and various format re-releases.
Source: https://www.ask.com/entertainment/wizard-of-oz-facts?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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